Part 6 - Walden by Henry David Thoreau (Chs 16-18)

!±8± Part 6 - Walden by Henry David Thoreau (Chs 16-18)

Part 6. Classic Literature VideoBook with synchronized text, interactive transcript, and closed captions in multiple languages. Audio courtesy of Librivox. Read by Gord Mackenzie. Playlist for Walden by Henry David Thoreau: www.youtube.com

Part 6 - Walden by Henry David Thoreau (Chs 16-18)

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The Foundation of Climate Science

!±8± The Foundation of Climate Science

The Foundation of Climate Science - Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming - 2010-05-06 - Even after months of personal attacks against climate scientists stemming from a manufactured scandal over stolen emails, the underlying science behind the need to stem the tide of heat-trapping emissions remains solid. To explain what we know about climate change, and why and how we know it, Chairman Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.) and the Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming hosted top-level American climate scientists at a congressional hearing on Thursday, May 6, 2010. The scientists addressed the claims of deniers head-on. Thursday's panel featured a member of the investigative panel convened by the University of East Anglia and led by Lord Ron Oxburgh to review the stolen emails from that school's Climactic Research Unit. The "Oxburgh Inquiry" exonerated the scientists who were attacked following the emails, saying they "saw no evidence of any deliberate scientific malpractice in any of the work." The hearing also included three scientists involved in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports, which have also been attacked by climate science deniers. The Republican witness on the panel was Lord Christopher Walter Monckton, 3rd Viscount Monckton of Brenchley. WITNESSES: Dr. Lisa Graumlich, Director, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, and member of the "Oxburgh Inquiry" panel; Dr. Chris Field ...

The Foundation of Climate Science

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Your Healthy Newborn - First Days at Home

!±8± Your Healthy Newborn - First Days at Home

So you came home with your baby. Whether it is the first-born or not, it's always an exhilarating experience and an opportunity to learn new things everyday.

Your baby probably already had the first Hepatitis B vaccine and the newborn screen at the hospital. Also, he or she already passed the hearing test. Congratulations! This article reviews what you need to know about your newborns developmental milestone, feedings, elimination, and safety.

There are some essential things to know when you bring your neonate home. First of all, per the hospital's recommendations, set up a follow-up appointment with your baby's health care provider (usually 3-4 days post delivery). It is important to evaluate your infant, i.e. check the weight, listen to the heart, etc. Also, you may have questions that need to be answered: prepare a list before the visit so that nothing gets forgotten! Most health care providers like when patients come to the appointment well prepared. It helps us address all of your needs!

Below, I outlined some important things to know about your baby from the very first day.

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES

Your baby should respond to noise. For example, she should startle at the sound of a slamming door or a barking dog. By one month of age, she should be able to distinguish between the mom's voice and voices of other people. However, some babies have this ability from the very first days after birth. Your baby's vision is intact, but right now she can best see objects and faces placed 8-12 inches away from her face. Also, she does not like bright lights. Babies like to open their eyes in dim light by the adult standards.

FEEDINGS

During the first few weeks, don't worry about schedules: your baby should eat on demand, on average every 2-4 hours. However, babies experience rapid growth spurts from time to time, and during those times they may be hungry every 1-2 hours. Just play it by ear. Also, keep in mind that your baby's stomach is very small (about the size of her fist), so it can't hold more than a couple of ounces at the time. If you feed your infant formula and notice excessive spit ups, decrease the amount of the formula but feed your baby a little more often. Don't let more than four hours pass between feedings. You do not want you baby get frustrated with hunger and make the feeding experience unpleasant. At any time, your breastfed or formula fed baby spits up excessively, talk to your health care provider. She may suggest a formula change or, on rare occasions, medication.

ELIMINATION

A healthy newborn should pass the first bowel movement (BM) within 36 hours after being born. After establishing a healthy BM pattern, your baby may go to the bathroom once or a few times a day, or every other day, or so. One thing to keep in minds is that not everybody has a BM every day! As long as you infant is comfortable between BMs and they do not look like pebbles, there is no reason for concern. Also, keep in mind that breast milk has much less waste than formula. Therefore, your baby may have less frequent and malodorous BMs than a formula-fed infant.
Urination is a good indication of hydration. A few days old baby should have at least 4-5 wet diapers and work her way up to more than 6 a day!

SAFETY

The safest sleeping position for your baby is on her back. It decreases the chance of SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) (See Box 1). Co-sleeping of infants and parents is no longer recommended. Such sleeping arrangements create an unsafe environment for the baby who can suffocate on bedding or be crushed by a sleeping adult. Every baby should sleep in her own bassinet or crib. Smoking should not be allowed around your baby as well. Cigarette smoke exposure not only increases the risk of SIDS, but it also increases your baby's susceptibility to catching upper respiratory tract infections.

Practice measuring your baby's temperature. Should the temperature be 100F or above, undress the infant and let her cool off. Small babies overheat easily! After 15 minutes, check the temperature again. If the temperature is still 100F or above, your baby needs to be examined by a health care provider right away. That is true until the infant is 3 month old, because until then the immune system does not know how to work efficiently and fever may be a sign of a serious illness.

The series on newborns will cover in the future issues topics, such as jaundice of the newborn, the senses, primitive reflexes, six states of consciousness breastfeeding, reactions of older siblings to the newborn, postpartum depression, and infant's social development. If there are other topics that you would like to read about, email me at health@pluggedinparents.com

Box 1. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

SIDS is a sudden and unpredictable death of a seemingly healthy infant younger than 12 months of age. The diagnosis comes only after other causes of death are ruled out. You can take steps to reduce your baby's risk of SIDS by placing her to sleep on her back even though she might prefer to sleep on her belly! Make sure that the mattress in her crib is firm! Also, offering a pacifier to your infants (only if she does not reject it!) may decrease the risk of SIDS. Avoid cigarette smoke exposure and do not overdress your infant as overheating may contribute to SIDS.

Your Healthy Newborn - First Days at Home

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Baby Baths Are Fun for Children of All Ages

!±8± Baby Baths Are Fun for Children of All Ages

Every mum knows that, deep down, dirt is good. Whilst babies have very delicate immune systems, exposure to the smallest amount of simple germs can help them grow up stronger. A grubby baby is also one who has shown that they have actively engaged with their world around them, exploration and learning has happened, and they have had fun whilst doing so. One of the best things about dirt is that it allows us to enjoy bath time with our babies.

Baby baths are one of the most magical experiences that parents and grandparents can enjoy with their little ones. The array of bath toys available these days makes the experience that much more enjoyable for both baby and grown-up.

Bath toys obviously primarily allow play to happen. The range of toys these days is great in facilitating play. Classic bath toys like bath ducks and bath boats still never fail to please. Newer entrants can also add joy. Some of the most fun is to be found with squirters. These never fail to amuse budding comedians with their cheeky water sprays. Some, like Tomy Water Whistlers, also squeak as they squirt, delighting more than one sense.

Sensory play is also a great benefit gained from bath time. Musical toys delight the developing ears as well as the eyes. Some wind-up bath toys, such as Tomy Splashy the Penguin, allow for baby's favorite songs to entertain during baby baths. Others such as the Do Re Mi Dolphins allow baby to experiment with tones, emitting a different sound when tapped on each one's head.

This exploratory angle is also well served with the baby bath toys available nowadays. By the time a baby is three, 75% of their brain will be developed so baby bath time is a great opportunity to stimulate development. Given that 75% of the brain is also water, it seems like a great opportunity. For emerging scientists, pushing toys under the water and seeing them pop up will teach them displacement without knowing it. Filling toys with water and emptying out is science in action, seeing the volumes change. Of course, making a great splash is fantastic for hand-eye co-ordination as well as great fun. Bath activity islands and character toys are useful here. For Thomas the Tank Engine fans, there are Fisher Price Thomas Tub Tracks and otherwise the Sassy Pour and Explore entertains little physicists.

One of the best times of the day for parent and baby, bath time allows for all the excitement of the day to flow out, letting baby calm down towards bed time, parent and baby to bond, and everyone to relax. The right temperature water is however essential to this tranquil event. A bath thermometer is therefore a vital part of this routine. With this in place, baby can recognize that their end-of-the-day routine is taking place, can be soothed in preparation for bed, and can enjoy close moments bonding with mum and dad.

Baby Baths Are Fun for Children of All Ages

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Operation Instruction of Radiant 1 Infrared Ear Thermometer

!±8± Operation Instruction of Radiant 1 Infrared Ear Thermometer

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Operation Instruction of Radiant 1 Infrared Ear Thermometer

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Baby Essentials - A Guide For First Time Mums

!±8± Baby Essentials - A Guide For First Time Mums

Are you a first time expectant mum wandering around the shops wondering do I really need that, or what is all this used for? If you answer yes to this question then you may find the following article useful.

I can remember during my first pregnancy looking at items in the baby section wondering if all these bits and pieces were really necessary, and wondered what half of them were used for. I was often confused and would buy things ‘just in case’. After the birth of my daughter I soon found that some of these items I definitely didn’t need, and then there were others I just couldn’t live without. I have put together a list of items that I personally feel are baby essentials and try to give you some insight into what and why you may be in need of them.

Essentials for baby

Bunny rugs/ muslin wraps – These are used to wrap your baby in. Newborn babies usually like to be wrapped snugly as it gives them the secure feeling they had in the womb. The difference is that Bunny rugs are for cool weather and muslin wraps are for warm weather, so the time of year your baby is due will determine which you will require. Recommend 8-12 of which ever you require.

Baby towels - You can just use normal ones but baby towels are often smaller, lighter and softer. Recommend at least 3.

Cot sheets - Fitted are best to prevent loosening as baby will move around a lot as it gets older. Recommend 3 sets.

If you are using a cradle or bassinet to start with you will need special sheets to fit these. You can get away with just 2 sets as babies are only in them for a short time (6-10weeks) and if you run into trouble you can always use a bunny rug!

Mattress protectors – Recommend 2-3.

Baby blankets - I don't use any baby bedding (blankets, top sheet ect) in the cot. Initially I wrapped baby in their bunny rug/muslin wrap and once they got to big I used baby sleeping bags or sleepsuits. Babies tend to kick blankets off , I found myself worrying they would wiggle under the loosened blankets, at the same time I worried baby would be too cold. Once I discovered baby sleeping bag/suits I never looked back. These types of suits go over the top of their normal sleeping outfits and allow baby freedom to kick and move about. SIDS bedding guidelines state that sleeping bags/suits are a safe bedding alternative as long as individual bags/suits meet the following safety standards – neck and armholes should be fitted so that there is no chance of baby slipping inside the bag and it should not contain a hood. Baby sleeping conditions are not something to be taken lightly. I highly recommend that prior to making any decision in relation to how you will sleep your baby that you visit safe sleeping at the sids and kids website. This way you can make an informed decision on what will best suit your individual situation.

Baby nail clippers/scissors - Baby nails grow really quick and are sharp, often causing them to scratch themselves.

Baby cotton buds – Used for cleaning outer ear, nose and belly buttons!! Look for the ones that are specially designed to prevent you from accidentally going in too far.

Baby moisturiser - Babies often get a bit scaly in their first few weeks while their skin is adjusting to the outside world.

Nappy bag – A good quality nappy bag will have separate compartments to put your different bits and pieces in such as bottles, wipes, clothes ect.Look for one with a change mat attached as you will find this useful.

A gentle baby soap - I recommend Johnson's milk bath you just squirt it in the water, no need to juggle baby and soap.

Baby wipes - excellent for cleaning face, hands and bottoms, I'd be lost with out them. I recommend Huggies, you can get a refillable travel pack for the nappy bag and a clip top container for home. You can get cheaper brands but they are often thinner and harder to dispense.

Nappy rash cream - I use one called Sudocrem. I found it very effective and although it is a little more expensive then some of the others creams you will see, you tend to use less.

Bibs – Bibs aren’t really necessary unless you are bottle feeding, or until baby starts on solids. Look for bibs that either slip straight over baby’s head or have velcro fasteners. I found soft plastic back bibs protected clothing better. Try to avoid bibs that require you to tie them, these can be difficult to manage when you have one hand holding the baby. Once baby is older using full plastic bibs while they are eating can save you a lot of washing.

Cloth nappies - whether or not your are going to use disposable nappies you will still need some cloth nappies, they come in handy for cleaning up and protecting yourself from baby vomit and placing under baby when you have nappy leaks! 12 should suffice if you are going to use disposables. Of course if you are not using disposables you are going to need a lot more, approximately 24-36 in total. Please note that I didn't use cloth nappies, I used disposables so if you intend on using cloth nappies then their maybe some extra things you need in relation to them - snappies or pins, nappy liners and possibly plastic pants or fluffies.

Nappy bucket – If you are using cloth nappies you will probably need 2, one for the nappies, another for clothes/bibs ect. For those that are using disposables one will suffice (or some sort of bucket) for soaking clothes ect. For soaking the clothes you will need something like napisan. Lux flakes are also good for general washing of baby clothes as initially their skin can be sensitive.

The following items you may not want straight away but are something to think about:

A thermometer - If you think baby might be a bit ‘off colour’ it can help put your mind at rest. I eventually bought a tympanic one as I grew tired of trying to keep baby still while the thermometer was under their arm. The advantage of a tympanic thermometer is you use their ear and it only takes a couple of seconds to register, the problem is they are expensive.

Bottles – It does pay to have one or two bottles even if you plan to breastfeed, just in case you need to be away from baby for some reason or you just need a break. You will also need a couple of newborn teats, a bottle brush and some sterilising equipment. Microwave sterilisers are very effective and are not expensive. If for some reason you are unable to breastfeed or you plan to wean baby in the first year you will need more bottles, approximately 8.

Breast pump – This will totally depend on your situation. If you are going back to work early but want to continue to breast feed an electric pump would be of benefit. You can hire these from some hospitals and pharmacies if your budget is tight. If you only want to express milk for the rare occasion then a hand pump will be sufficient.

I hope that this article has enlightened you on what products you may require for the upcoming birth of your child. If you feel that there are any items that are definite essentials that are missing from this list feel free to contact me through our website and I will add them.

Please note that I have mentioned brand names throughout the article but I am in no way affiliated with these companies, nor are they products that I sell on my site, I genuinely found them to be worth the money you pay for them.

Baby Essentials - A Guide For First Time Mums

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Children's Thermometer Review

!±8± Children's Thermometer Review

There is nothing more important than safety and health of infants and children. If you are ill parents often panic and hope that their child has a fever. High fever in children with certain diseases have been pretty scary.

Although not all fever is to be serious, it is important to be able to control the fever thermometer you have and give medication and consult a doctor if the fever is very high and does not go away.

There are manydifferent types of thermometers to get the children. Some are quite high tech, while others are older and simpler. While the digital thermometer provides accurate results, they need a battery to operate. And fashion is not your old digital thermometers can not run on batteries, which require more time to read and can be difficult to see the results.

Safety first prograde thermometer is a thermometer which has been designed for many applications. It has an automatic sensor and candetect every bit 'of rectal, axillary and oral. This unit can read a 5 seconds and has ten memory recalls with temperature and time. It also has an alarm me clean. This product is equipped with a red bar, if there is fever, which takes any guess work, which is useful when a child wakes in the middle of flashing in the night.

The child growing up in the summer with my ear thermometer is a nice to have. It has two additional probes for sanitary facilities, and it was a feveralert glow light for easy viewing. This thermometer comes with 12 memory storage of past fever amounts and times.

Safety 1st hospital choice thermometer gift set is an ultra fancy one to have. It comes with probe cover free technology for rectal, oral or underarm. The tips are also cleanable instead of having to buy them and keep reapplying. This device can also give a three second reading for even faster results.

Safety 1st Accu-Touch forehead thermometer is a simple one to have. This product is designed for the whole family in mind, so you can use it with a baby or an older adult. This thermometer can give results in seven seconds which is still fairly fast. It can do a reading on the forehead or underarm. A forehead reading is not very popular but can still give you accurate results and may be easier for a sick child to cooperate with.

There are many things to consider when purchasing a thermometer. You will want one that is easy to use and fool proof. Many times you may be wakened in the middle of the night and you may be half asleep, so fumbling with anything complicated might not be convenient for you. Sometimes buying a thermometer with removable disposable tips can be trying at times. If you run out and are having trouble finding them in the store to refill, your thermometer will not work without them, and because fevers often happen with no warning, it might be a better idea to have one that is error proof and easier to use in all environments. You will also want to consider a travel size thermometer, so that you can take it on the go and have room to put it in diaper bags and purses if need be.

Children's Thermometer Review

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